Helianthus maximiliani (Maximilian Sunflower)

Maximilian sunflower is a towering North American native that turns heads in late summer when most perennials are winding down. Named for the naturalist Prince Maximilian of Wied, this prairie stalwart sends up stout stems lined with bright yellow, daisy-like flowers in August through October, providing critical late-season food for migrating and resident birds and a rich nectar source for bees and butterflies. Plants can reach 6 to 8 feet or taller in rich soil.

Helianthus maximiliani is adaptable and tough. It thrives in full sun and tolerates poor, dry soils once established. It spreads by both rhizomes and self-seeding, so give it room or plan to manage it. This is a plant for naturalistic gardens, meadows, and wildlife areas rather than tight formal beds.

Goldfinches, chickadees, and other seed-eaters flock to the seed heads in fall and winter. The dried stalks also provide overwintering habitat for native bees. Cut plants back in late winter to encourage tidy new growth in spring.